India's stock market skyrockets the most in 10 years after surprise tax cut

Indian stocks surged overnight Friday after the country's government announced a big cut to India's corporate tax rate.

The India S&P BSE Sensex index jumped 5.3% to notch its biggest one-day gain since May 5, 2009. That day, the index soared 17.3%. The U.S.-listed iShares MSCI India ETF (INDA) gained about 5.3%,  its best day since Sept. 4, 2013, when it popped 5.5%.

Corporations in India will now be taxed at an effective rate of 25.75%, Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said Friday. That's down from an effective tax rate of 30%.

The lower corporate tax rate comes as the Indian government tries to reignite India's economy. India's GDP growth rate has fallen for six straight quarters through the first half of 2019. At the end of the first quarter of 2018, the Indian economy was growing at an 8.1% rate. That growth rate has since fallen to 5% through the second quarter of this year.

"It was becoming evident that counter-cyclical policy responses may need to become more aggressive, but expectations were centered on monetary policy to do the heavy lifting," Kaushik Das, chief economist at Deutsche Bank, said in a note. "Very few expected any fiscal stimulus."

"This is a big bang reform, for which corporate India has been waiting a long time and we expect it will raise the animal spirits in the economy," Das said.

Indian stocks have lagged the broader emerging markets this year. The Sensex is up 5.4% in 2019, while the iShares MSCI Emerging Markets ETF (EEM) has gained about 7% in that time.

"The tax cuts will undoubtedly boost sentiment, and that is likely to have a growth-enhancing impact," Sajjid Chinoy, chief India economist at J.P. Morgan, wrote in a note. "However, how much investment firms will undertake in response to the tax cut remains to be seen, especially given weak demand conditions."

— CNBC's Michael Bloom contributed to this report.

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